Lightning Protection

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• Understanding the Risk

  • Open water increases the likelihood of a lightning strike due to a yacht’s height relative to the water.

  • Saltwater is highly conductive, which can increase current dissipation and cause severe electrical damage.

  • Strikes can damage electronics, start fires, or cause injury to crew members.

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• Lightning Protection System Components

  • A proper lightning protection system should include the following:

  • Air Terminal (Lightning Rod)

    • A conductive rod is mounted at the highest point (typically the mast) to attract and safely direct strikes.

    • Material: Usually made of copper or aluminum.

    • Needs to be well-maintained and securely attached.

  • 18 Heavy-duty conductors that safely carry the current from the lightning rod to the water.

    • It must be low-resistance, corrosion-resistant, and properly bonded to prevent side flashes.

    • Typically made from tinned copper or aluminum.

  • Grounding System (Dissipation Plates)

    • A submerged grounding plate or strip that disperses electricity safely into the water.

    • Often made from copper or other corrosion-resistant materials.

    • It should be large enough to handle the electrical discharge effectively.

  • Bonding System

    • All metal components (rails, rigging, engine, fuel tanks) should be interconnected to equalize potential and prevent side flashes.

    • Electrical bonding helps prevent internal sparks and protects sensitive electronics.

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• Additional Protection Measures

  • Surge Protection

    • Install surge protectors on electrical and electronic systems to prevent damage from transient voltage spikes.

  • Isolation and Shielding

    • Shield sensitive electronic devices and communication systems.

    • Disconnect unnecessary electronics when storms are approaching.

  • Crew Safety Measures

    • Avoid contact with metal structures and electrical equipment during a storm.

    • Stay inside and avoid unnecessary exposure to lightning-prone areas.

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• Maintenance and Inspection

  • Inspect the air terminal, conductors, bonding, and grounding systems regularly for corrosion and damage.

  • Check for proper electrical continuity between components.

  • Ensure surge protectors and grounding plates remain effective over time.